WLAN: A complete guide to wireless local area networking

WLAN makes it easy to access the Internet without the limitations of wires. Do you want to understand how to configure and optimize your own network, or are you interested in the latest standards and security features? Whatever your need, you’ll find answers in our complete guide on how to effectively exploit the potential of WLAN in your home or business, while keeping your data secure.

Key Information

• WLANs are wireless local area networks that use radio waves to exchange data, with real-world ranges from a few meters to several kilometers.

• The 802.11 standards define different aspects of WLAN performance, with differences in data rates and operating frequencies, where 802.11ac offers speeds of up to 1,733 Mbps.

• WLAN security is critical, with WPA2 and WPA3 as encryption standards and with wIPS/wIDS systems for monitoring network traffic and managing access.

WLAN basics: What is it and how does it work?

WLANs, also known as wireless local area networks, are a magical infrastructure that allows a group of computers to be connected without the need to tangle with wires. Imagine a lan network that uses radio waves to exchange data between devices quickly and efficiently, and can range from a few meters inside a building to several kilometers out in the open. It is the WLANs that wireless networks consist of that allow us the freedom and mobility we experience when using a laptop in the garden or a smartphone in the park, on any wireless network device, in a world of wireless networks, including wifi. With wireless networks, we can enjoy these benefits without the hassle of cables.

The distinction between WLAN and Wi-Fi can be ambiguous, but technically speaking, WLAN is the general concept of a wireless network, while Wi-Fi refers to specific standards and is owned by the Wi-Fi Alliance. When you see a white Wi-Fi logo on a device, it means it is compliant with the standards required to connect to a WLAN.

WLAN types and standards

In the world of WLAN, there are many standards that define various aspects of its operation. The 802.11 standard, developed by the IEEE, is the basis on which all wireless networks are built. Versions of this standard, such as:

• 802.11a

• 802.11b

• 802.11n

• 802.11ac

They differ in their data transfer speeds and operating frequencies.

The 802.11b and 802.11a standards differ in several parameters. Here are the main differences:

• The 802.11b standard operates at 2.4 GHz, while 802.11a operates in the 5 GHz band.

• The 802.11b data rate is up to 11 Mbps, while the 802.11a standard is up to 54 Mbps.

• The latest 802.11ac standard also operates in the 5 GHz band and allows speeds of up to 1,733 Mbps.

WLAN Design with WiFi Auditing

Designing a WLAN is a process that requires knowledge and experience. A WiFi audit uses proven methodologies that include requirements analysis, topology design, technology selection, as well as creating simulations and testing the network. An important aspect is the proper placement of access points, which must take into account signal coverage, device density and obstacles. In the case of wlan network design, it is crucial to consider all these factors.

An indispensable tool in this process is Ekahau Site Survey software, which allows precise network design, taking into account actual environmental conditions. This makes it possible to eliminate sources of interference and ensure optimal signal quality. The WiFi audit also conducts site visits, which are an indispensable stage of network planning, allowing to create an accurate simulation of WLAN deployment in a given space.

Devices in a WLAN network

The key devices in any WLAN are routers, which form the foundation of a wireless local area network. Access points, which are the link between the devices and the router, can be placed both indoors and outdoors to form a local area network. Interestingly, the use of access points with Power over Ethernet (PoE) technology eliminates the need for additional wiring for power.

Other devices used in WLAN include a variety of accessories, such as:

• antenna adapters

• rechargeable batteries for routers

• network cards

• signal boosters

It is also worth mentioning redundancy, which ensures the continuity of the network by using additional access points and network controllers.

WLAN security

In a digital world where threats are at every turn, WLAN security cannot be underestimated. The WPA2 and WPA3 encryption standards are the cornerstones of network protection, with WPA3 offering even more advanced encryption methods. This enables protection against dictionary attacks and increases the security of data exchange during login.

Infrastructure security features such as firewalls and intrusion detection and prevention systems (wIPS/wIDS) are essential for monitoring network traffic and managing network access. Audit WiFi offers comprehensive wireless security audit services, including verification of security status and configuration and commissioning of wIPS/wIDS systems.

Benefits and challenges of WLANs

One of the biggest advantages of WLAN is the mobility it gives users and the ease and flexibility of installation. This allows rapid expansion of the network without the need for costly and time-consuming upgrades. WLANs contribute significantly to business efficiency, allowing instant data exchange and resource sharing.

However, WLANs also bring challenges. Users can encounter problems such as signal interference, range limitations and security risks. Proper network management, including attention to performance and reliability, requires consideration of many factors, such as the number of users, interference from other devices, architectural obstacles and security requirements. Therefore, proper network configuration is important.

WLANs vs. other communications technologies

Comparing WLANs with other communications technologies, such as Ethernet, there are clear differences. Ethernet, as a wired connection, is characterized by fast data transmission and greater stability. Ethernet cables can support data transfer speeds much higher than those available in wireless networks.

Although Wi-Fi networks are getting faster, Ethernet still offers more stable and uninterrupted data transfer, as well as lower latency. The choice between the two technologies may depend on a user’s specific needs; Ethernet is preferred for high-bandwidth tasks such as transferring large files or playing network games, while WLAN is ideal for typical office work and home use.

Network solutions from Audit WiFi

Audit WiFi is an established provider of network solutions, offering a wide range of services from design to WLAN installation. The company guarantees comprehensive services, from installation and configuration of network devices to network infrastructure management and maintenance.

The long experience of Audyt WiFi’s engineers, confirmed by a number of certifications, allows them to implement network projects at the highest level. Cooperation with global manufacturers of network equipment and the implementation of advanced technologies, such as private VoIP networks, are just some of the aspects that set the company’s offerings apart from the competition.

Summary

Delving into the world of WLANs, one can see that they are an extremely important part of modern network infrastructure. Their mobility, flexibility and ability to expand quickly and easily make wireless networks an indispensable part of both professional and private life. As network technologies evolve, WLANs are becoming more powerful and secure, and companies like Audit WiFi are enabling them to be used to their maximum potential, providing solutions for the 21st century.

Remember that WLAN is not only about convenience and modernity, but also about responsibility for data security and productivity. A properly designed and secured network can become the key to success in any organization. So we encourage you to take advantage of the potential of wireless networks, but also to take care of their security and reliability.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the difference between WLANs and Wi-Fi?

WLANs are the general concept of a wireless local area network, while Wi-Fi refers to specific network standards, such as 802.11, developed by the Wi-Fi Alliance. Wi-Fi is one of the protocols that enable communication in WLANs.

What are the most important WLAN standards?

The most important WLAN standards are 802.11, along with its various versions, such as 802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11g, 802.11n and the latest 802.11ac, which vary in data speeds and frequencies.

What are the key aspects of WLAN design?

Key aspects of WLAN design include requirements analysis, topology design, technology and equipment selection, and optimal placement of access points. All this is done to avoid interference and ensure efficient network operation.

What are the main threats to WLAN security?

The main threats to WLAN security are dictionary attacks, eavesdropping on data transmissions, unauthorized network access, and potential weaknesses in network encryption and security. Special attention should be paid to these issues to protect the network from potential attacks.

What are the benefits of a well-designed WLAN in a company?

A well-designed WLAN in a company brings fast and stable access to resources, increases employee mobility and productivity, and reduces costs.